Monday, January 17, 2011

早报调查:6成受访者虽有归属感,年轻人最不满生活费高涨

(2011-01-17)

郑景祥 魏瑜嶙

人民的归属感是国家之所以为国家的关键,我们这个年轻的国家数十年来,一直在加强建设人们对国家的认同与归属感。然而,前一段时间因为一位当过兵的大学生提出“不知道自己在保卫什么”,再引起人们重新审视我们的归属感问题,所以在进行“选前探温”调查时,我们把身份认同列为其中一个课题。调查发现,身份认同问题在投票时,不如生活费、交通、房价等课题那么直接左右选民的选择。这一期的“选前探温”,我们来探讨这个课题在人们投下神圣一票时所发挥的影响度。

  若新加坡是一栋大屋子,人民以此为家,什么能温暖这个家,让住在屋里的人对它产生归属感?

  本报一项针对51名年龄介于15岁至29岁的年轻人进行的问卷调查发现,18%的年轻人只有在特殊的状况下才会意识到本身是新加坡人,另外6%根本不承认自己是新加坡人。

  生活费高涨和外来人才的涌入,是最多年轻人申诉的问题。有近四分之一受访的年轻人甚至表示,当他们对政府有太多不满的时候,他们会选择移居外国。

  南洋理工大学宇航系四年级学生林子睿(24岁),最近在南大一年一度的部长论坛上,对国务资政吴作栋说,他身为新加坡人却对国家归属心态产生了微妙转变。

  林子睿在论坛上说,五年前,他以身为新加坡人为傲,但是随着政府政策的改变,外来人才涌入,他跟很多一同服役的朋友都觉得现在保卫家园,不知道是在保卫什么价值观。他觉得年轻人的新加坡精神日趋淡薄,对身在自己的国家越来越感到不自在。

  吴资政当时答复道:“这是危机的先兆……如果情况真的如此,那就真的很严重了。”

  林子睿的看法虽然不能代表全部年轻人的意见,但却引起广泛的讨论:到底新加坡年轻人对国家是否真的缺乏归属感?

  以五分为满分,一分为最低分,年轻人到底给自己的归属感打几分?

13.7%的受访者,给自己的归属感打了满分。他们认为,除了新加坡以外,没有能称为“家”的地方。

  只有一个受访者(2%)打了最低的一分,表示如果有所选择,他不想成为新加坡人。

  感觉自己“不太新加坡”的李汎旭 (26岁,财经分析员),提出了与林子睿相近的看法。他认为,外来人才的涌入,是导致他对新加坡缺乏归属感的主要原因。

  多数参与调查的年轻人,则对自己的归属度打了四分,占了62.8%。这群人在多数时候以身为新加坡人而感到骄傲。

  另外还有17.6%只在一些特定的时候,如国庆日或当身处国外,才会意识到自己是新加坡人。

有归属感因为家人朋友在这里

  超过九成的年轻人认为情感的牵挂,最能温暖他们心中的家。

  半数(51%)的年轻人认为家人和朋友在此,是让他们对国家产生归属感的最重要因素。另外41.1%则认为,最重要的因素是他们对自己生长的环境感到熟悉。

  其中一名接受问卷调查的学生(18岁)觉得,身边能说新加坡式英语和双语的新加坡人让他感到亲切。

  人民协会基层经理黄循仁(27岁)受访时说,在这里受教育、服兵役以及在此的亲友,都让他对新加坡更有归属感。

对大多数参与问卷调查的年轻人而言,良好的就业前景和是否能参加国家的发展反倒是其次。不过,工人党青年团成员许金桂(27岁)认为,能参与国家的发展才是最重要的。

  记者问他原因何在?他反问:“亲自参与住家装潢布置过程,难道你不会对这个家有更深的归属感吗?”

  他以自己为例说,在上大学时被委任为学生会财政,参与了委员会的发展,让他对自己的大学更有归属感。

  本报小调查也发现,年轻人最关注的课题与其他年龄层的国人普遍关注的课题无异。高涨的生活费与通货膨胀(68.6%)、住屋问题(47.1%)和外来人才的涌入(43.1%)等三方面是年轻人感到不满的现实。看似与年轻人最息息相关的教育课题,反而没有引起太多抱怨。

  曾针对外来人才涌入发表意见的林子睿,向记者进一步说明他的看法。他说,他觉得本地的外来人才已经多到临界点,而且目前也没有相关的研究可以证明新加坡人的生活因外来人才而有所改善。

  除了一些让多数人感到不满的“大课题”以外,一些受访者也对一些“小细节”提出意见。包括觉得新加坡的服务态度差、新加坡社会不够优雅、新加坡人环保意识不足等。

对现状不满可能考虑移民

  对政府不满,年轻人会怎么做?

  接近四分之一的人(23.5%)遇到不满的情况时,会选择移居到其他国家。做此选择的12人中,有8名是23岁以上的年轻人。

  许翼丰(25岁,工程师)说,遇到不满的情况,虽然不会选择放弃国籍,但是会找机会到国外工作。

另外有25.5%的人会积极地面对,努力把环境改造成一个更美好的地方。比如黄循仁,他选择参加基层工作,就是希望为社会服务,同时把自己这些年来从社会上所得的回馈给社会。

  同样百分比的人则采取消极的态度,选择放任自己的不满情绪。

  许金桂认为,有些新加坡人面对问题,具有的一个想法是:“我只是个普通的新加坡人,我无法改变些什么,就让政府来处理吧。”

  小调查发现了一个有趣的现象:尽管共有76.5%接受调查的人,给对国家的归属感打了四分或以上,却只有25.5%在遇到不满时会积极地参与国家发展,把新加坡改造成一个更美好的地方。比较普遍的现象是有部分年轻人即使为自己的归属感打了高分,但是他们遇到不满时却选择移民或对问题置之不理。他们自认的归属感,似乎不足以让他们为这个地方付出努力,基本上年轻人还是抱着“凡是有政府管”的心态。

张思乐:

到国外发展不表示没归属感

  年轻人和年长一辈对国家的归属感的诠释,虽然有着本质上的不同。以前年轻人的接触面和机会远比现在少,现在的年轻人有更多的选择,也可以到国外留学和创业,但他们却可以视这里为他们最终的家园。

  社会发展、青年及体育部高级政务次长及人民行动党青年团主席张思乐认为,虽然很多年轻人到国外寻求发展,但这并不表示他们对这个国家缺乏归属感。相反地,随着全球化的加速,政府希望给他们创造更多机会,以我国为平台在国外取得成功。

  他说:“我们不能也不想阻止年轻人出国,我们只能提醒他们新加坡是他们永远的家,有他们的亲戚朋友在这里。我们可以赞助或津贴他们向外发展,但他们成功之后要记得回来。”

  另一方面,政府也在努力把新加坡打造得更具吸引力,鼓励他们在新加坡创业,对社会做出贡献。现在本地已经有更多迎合年轻人活动的场所,让他们觉得可以在这里生活、学习和发展。全国青年理事会在举办活动时也是朝这个方向进行。

但社会主义阵线秘书长谢智立却认为,政府在培养国家归属感方面做得“很差”。

政府政策等其他因素

  除了问卷调查中所显示的理由,谢智立指政府的政策没有给年轻人足够的发言管道跟参与政治的机会,让年轻人觉得无法影响我国的政治发展,因此他们对这个国家缺乏归属感。

  他说:“行动党设立集选区以及对反对党的手法等,使到一部分年轻人感到害怕,一部分不敢加入反对党,根本不能参与国家建设,还谈什么归属感?”

  但张思乐却不同意这样的说法。他认为现在政府举办更多对话会和论坛,让年轻人有更多平台和国家领导直接交流,显示政府尊重和重视他们的看法。

  谢智立也指许多年轻人承受过多学业上的压力,出来社会找到理想工作的概率又不高。他认为,就这两点来说,政府是失败的。尽管如此,他却不认为年轻人的不满会转换为给反对党的支持票。他们大多数会考虑到生活素质等更实际的问题而不想涉及政治。因此国家归属感对选举的影响力很有限。

学者、政治观察家:

身份认同不如民生问题热

  这届的大选的议题,仍然会以切身的生活问题为主轴。虽然身份认同和归属感关系国家的未来,但是一般选举不会放到那么高的层次来看待。

  政治观察家赖涯桥认为,虽然新加坡在国际上的形象在某种程度上让人民感到很自豪,并且也在国外获得一定的方便,但是在日常生活里,人民并不会让国家归属感来左右自己投票时的选择。

他说:“在国外的时候他们可能会把国家联结在一起,但在国内,特别在选举的时候,他们可能把它切割开来,把问题的焦点放在比较琐碎的生活问题上。”

  赖涯桥指出,自建国以来虽然通过国民服役、学校升旗礼和国庆庆典等活动来强调国家归属感,但是整体的效果和力度都不够深和广,并没有深入文化和思想的层次。

  新加坡国立大学社会学系副教授陈恩赐则认为,政府很积极地通过全国青年理事会和社青体部在联系年轻人,而最近频频出台的房地产市场降温措施也是针对年轻人对住屋的需求。这都是间接在建立他们对国家的归属感。

  新一代的选民有很大部分将来自中产阶级,而且所受的教育也会比较高,陈恩赐说:“这些年轻人虽然比较实际,对物质生活的要求也会比较高,但是他们同时也希望参与国家的建设,以及被政府咨询。大选时他们会仔细盘算,哪一个候选人可以满足他们越多项要求,他们就选谁。”

  接受问卷调查时,他们可能只是从新加坡作为一个家的角度来考量,但是选举的时候,则会对切身利益做计算。

  对于75%接受调查的年轻人对国家有归属感,陈恩赐认为这是一个相当合理的数据,一般年轻人都是具有国家意识的。但是对国家有归属感和支持政府或执政党并不可以划上等号。年轻人会关注工作和收入的稳定,但他们也更开放,更能接受改变,如果反对党有能干和可信的候选人出现,他们会认真考虑。

Sunday, January 16, 2011

Schools should nurture 'three loves' in students: SM

 Singapore | Updated today at 06:00 AM
By Andrea Ong

SENIOR Minister Goh Chok Tong on Saturday identified two additional challenges that Singapore now faces, on top of its perennial efforts to ensure inter-racial harmony.

These are: the widening income gap and the need to welcome foreigners.

Speaking to 300 students and parents at an Edusave award ceremony in his Marine Parade ward, SM Goh sketched out these challenges and called on the young to help the community tackle them.

On the issue of widening inequality, he said that Singapore 'emphasises inclusive growth'. 'Economic growth must benefit all members of the community. Otherwise, our community may be divided by differences in income levels within it.'

Meanwhile, Singapore's low birth rates and ageing population mean that the workforce has to be supplemented by foreigners, he said.

To help the country meet these challenges, young Singaporeans should demonstrate a 'love for the community', he said. 'Our young must not become too self-absorbed in their quest for personal achievement... and forget about contributing to the community they live in.'

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

Proposal to lower age limit for juveniles

http://www.reach.gov.sg/YourSay/DiscussionForum/tabid/101/mode/3/Default.aspx?ssFormAction=[[ssBlogThread_VIEW]]&tid=[[931]]#top

Monday, November 08, 2010

新加坡人肥胖问题日趋严重

Singaporeans getting fatter

By Hetty Musfirah Abdul Khamid | Posted: 07 November 2010 1639 hrs

Channelnewsasia.om

SINGAPORE: The problem of obesity is getting worse in Singapore.

The latest National Health Survey shows the obesity rate has increased from 6.9 per cent in 2004 to 10.8 per cent this year.

This year's National Healthy Lifestyle campaign is thus adopting a more holistic approach to help Singaporeans fight the flab.

More than 1,000 people turned up at the launch of the campaign by Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong.

They tried out the new Singapore Workout that includes traditional dance moves.

The message is for Singaporeans to get healthy together and combat obesity.

Health Promotion Board (HPB) CEO Lam Pin Woon said: "Based on the National Health Survey, the obesity rate is definitely on the upturn.

"This is very alarming for us; we do not want to be in the same situation like the other western countries where the obesity rate is that one in three of the population is obese.

"For now, our obesity rate is (about) 10 per cent - that's already very alarming, and we have to do something about it.

"This year, we want to create a social movement (and) get everyone to see the value of having a healthy weight (and) enjoy life by being healthy".

The HPB attributes the rise in obesity here to a lack of physical activity and a more sedentary lifestyle.

The National Health Survey found that 54.1 per cent of Singaporeans do not exercise.

Mr Neville Dotival, who lost about 18kg over three months to weigh 88.8kg, said: "I feel a lot better, I feel more energetic, I can play more with my kids.

He added that he is now fit enough to join his sons in activities during school events such as Sports Day.

HPB's Youth Health Division director K Vijaya said: "There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that chronic disease including obesity has its roots in pre-natal and the early developmental stages of one's life.

"As a result of this evidence, we are shifting our obesity prevention efforts further upstream, to the pre-natal and early years of one's life.

"We will be empowering parents to nurture health lifestyles, among their children.

"We are coming up with guidelines, strategies to provide a conducive environment for this purpose such as baby friendly hospitals that support breast feeding.

"In addition, we will be coming up with guidelines to prevent indiscriminate advertising of food and beverages to children".

Other efforts include getting those from the food industry to develop lower calorie food products and meals, to cut some 25 billion kilocalories from Singapore's food supply by 2013.

HPB also intends to roll out a nationwide Body Mass Index survey every two to three years to better monitor obesity trends.

-CNA/wk

Sunday, November 07, 2010

青少年涉暴力罪案不能等闲视之

2010年11月7日
早报
陈锦柏


据消息透露,白沙乐怡度假村命案相信涉及两个帮派的纠纷。

警方将不遗余力地将他们逮捕,依法处置。

新闻、通讯及艺术部长吕德耀说,这起案件经媒体广泛报道,引起国人关注,特别是为人父母者。他与妻子也对青少年的残暴行为感到震惊。

他也透露,如果怀疑子女涉及私会党,家长可以向刑事侦查局求助,让孩子参加跨部门的"正途引导计划"(Streetwise Program)协助他们走回正道。

另一方面,吕德耀透露我国的罪案情况已受到控制,今年首9个月的罪案总数,比去年同期下降了1.6%,但青少年涉及的罪案仍旧令人关注。虽然数字下降,但落网青少年仍占逮捕人数约22%之间,比例偏高。他们主要涉及轻微罪案,例如商店偷窃案。

Saturday, November 06, 2010

环保意识在青少年身上札根

Green message taking root among
亚洲新闻台 Channelnewsasia
By Hoe Yeen Nie | Posted: 06 November 2010 1727 hrs


SINGAPORE: It seems the green message is taking root among Singapore's youths.

In a recent survey by the National Environment Agency (NEA), four in five believed that they can make a difference.

The growing involvement of youths was highlighted by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong at the launch of the Clean and Green Singapore 2011 campaign.

Everyone, he said, has a part to play.

"Taking care of the environment is something which concerns all of us. We don't all have to take on global causes, but each of us can contribute locally by keeping Singapore our island clean and green," said Prime Minister Lee.

Many say it is important to get kids started on the green movement from young.

At Punggol Primary School, students have turned old bottles into flower pots, showing that you can easily reduce, reuse and recycle so long as you put some creativity into it.

At Jurong Primary School, students have created bottle gardens, the idea coming from teacher, Mrs Wendy Looi. On Saturday, she received an award for sharing her love for recycling and gardening with her students.

Mrs Looi said: "We've got children who love insects, and they enjoy catching caterpillars. We also have those who are so nervous at the sight of an earthworm they'll scream. So, as teachers, we'll tell them, these are the harmless ones, those are the garden helpers. In fact we take them to gardens so they can see the beautiful flowers, and we remind them of all the beautiful creatures that are the garden helpers that help in the growth of the plants."

Mrs Looi is one of six Community In Bloom Ambassadors recognised by NParks this year for going the extra mile to spread the gardening bug.

Another award winner is 51-year-old Anjalai Ammal, a senior horticulturist with Tampines Town Council, who helped create 36 community gardens in the housing estate.

And to get more people to explore Singapore's biodiversity, NParks has created four new trail guides. You can just print them off the website, and you're good to go on your exploration.

NParks' director of Streetscape, Simon Longman, said: "They will come to appreciate how sustainable it is, and how we help to sustain the biodiversity."

Guides are available for Botanic Gardens, Changi, Pulau Ubin and Fort Canning.

- CNA/ir

不受限制媒体的害处

海峡时报(The Straits Times)

2010年11月6日

Minister for Home Affairs and Law K. Shanmugam said Singapore cannot withstand, nor it is prepared to accept, the harmful consequences of having its media like American press. -- ST PHOTO: LIM SIN THAI

NEW YORK - WITH its small population and short history, Singapore cannot withstand - nor is it prepared to accept - the possible harmful consequences of having its media become like the American press, said Minister for Home Affairs and Law K. Shanmugam.

The US media has a wider and freer role than the press in most other countries. But American society, being large, rich and stable, is strong enough to endure the potential damage of having a media that does not always live up to its ideals of being judicious, fair and independent, he said.

Mr Shanmugam drew these comparisons in a speech outlining Singapore's perspective on the role of the media at Columbia University on Thursday.

The US, he told the audience at a university forum on A Free Press for a Global Society, 'has in-built stability'.

'There can be fringe lunatic behaviour, but mainstream Americans are sensible and rational, and extremist sentiment will not threaten the very fabric of society,' he noted.

In many developing societies, however, the glue holding society together is not as strong and 'these societies can easily rupture along tribal, ethnic and religious lines,' he said. n Singapore's case, racial and religious fault lines can be easily exploited.

新加坡成为充满活力的国际都会

吴作栋资政与南大学生的对话

http://www.reach.gov.sg/YourSay/DiscussionForum/tabid/101/mode/3/Default.aspx?ssFormAction=%5B%5BssBlogThread_VIEW%5D%5D&tid=%5B%5B735%5D%5D


REACH
[REACH (reaching everyone for active citizenry@ home) was launched in October 2006 when the Feedback Unit (政府回馈单位) was restructured to move beyond gathering public feedback, to become the lead agency for engaging and connecting with citizens. REACH was also appointed as the Singapore Government’s e-engagement platform in January 2009.]


Original Posting by REACH Administrator:

At a recent National Technological University Forum, Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong called on young Singaporeans to do their part to ensure that Singapore remains a dynamic global city. SM Goh highlighted that while the older generation had fought for independence, expanded Singapore’s economy and built a culturally vibrant and compassionate society, it is now up to the next generation to ‘lift Singapore to new heights’. To do so, younger Singaporeans must stay engaged in national affairs and voice their solutions to Singapore’s problems. They should create a Singapore that is not just an integrated resort with lots of buzz, but also a home where people stay to live their dreams and defend with their lives. He also urged young Singaporeans not to grow complacent, but to actively challenge conventional wisdom so as to continue to make Singapore better.

How can we continue to make Singapore a buzzing global city and home? Share your thoughts with us.

Wednesday, November 03, 2010

黄永宏:调查显示国人有归属感

2010年11月3日

早报

大部分国人对新加坡有归属感,也愿意在国家面临威胁时挺身捍卫。

调查对象有:
(1)全职国民服役人员
(2)战备服役人员
(3)公众

结果:都持续显示超过90%的受访者认为新加坡是他们的家园。

上周五,南洋理工大学有学生表示,青少年的新加坡精神日趋淡薄,对身在自己的国家越来越感到不自在。他与很多一同服役的朋友都觉得,随着政策改变和越来越多外来人才涌入,他们已不知道自己在保卫什么。这个大学生的看法今日在网上引起热烈讨论。

教育部长表示:今年和前年对学生展开的两项国民教育调查都显示正面的情绪。无论是小学、中学、初级学院或高级中学,学生都对身为新加坡人感到骄傲。学生公开表明他们爱新加坡,喜欢新加坡的任人唯贤(meritocracy)、种族与宗教和谐和只要努力就能成功等特质。今年的调查访问了7万4000名小四和小六、中二、中四及高二学生,取得的结果或较前年进步、或维持相同水平。

部长致辞时也指出,国民教育实施者应该继续努力,以共同的信念和价值观让国人团结和扎根来建立起一个国家。我们不能在批评或负面情绪出现时气馁,或开始持怀疑态度。事实上,有疑问是发现和内部化(internalization)过程的一部分。

Sunday, October 17, 2010

帮孩子抗拒新媒体之恶

迹象
网上言语越来越偏激、粗俗
自拍裸照、猥亵行为、恶作剧、公共网站

心理学家认为: 危险、愚蠢、甚至相等残忍恶作剧的趋势。

科技和新媒体对新一代学生的冲击

抵抗环境快速变化的影响。

部长说这些 Z 世代 (Generation Z)的年轻人个性比较急躁、注意力容易分散而且可以一心多用
家长与老师更有需要紧密合作。
资讯科技(ICT)
促进沟通和提升家长的知识。
现有许多学校通过家长支援小组(PSG)携手,传授正确价值观。
让家长参加更多学校活动?让孩子知道他们关心孩子学校生活。

社区与家长辅助学校(COMPASS)